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Data Structures & AlgorithmsComplexity analysis up to graphs and DP.Operating SystemsProcesses, scheduling, memory and concurrency.Database Management SystemsRelational modelling, transactions and indexing.Computer NetworksFrom wires and radio waves up to the web.

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Database Management Systems

Foundations of DBMS6

Relational Model, Algebra & Calculus6

Integrity Constraints & Normal Forms6

A complete tour of integrity constraints
Functional dependencies and Armstrong's axioms
First, Second, and Third Normal Form
Boyce-Codd Normal Form (BCNF)
Multivalued dependencies, 4NF, and 5NF
Decomposition properties — lossless join and dependency preservation

File Organization & Indexing7

Transactions & Concurrency Control9

Query Processing, Optimization & Distributed DBs5

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Database Management Systems

Foundations of DBMS6

Relational Model, Algebra & Calculus6

Integrity Constraints & Normal Forms6

A complete tour of integrity constraints
Functional dependencies and Armstrong's axioms
First, Second, and Third Normal Form
Boyce-Codd Normal Form (BCNF)
Multivalued dependencies, 4NF, and 5NF
Decomposition properties — lossless join and dependency preservation

File Organization & Indexing7

Transactions & Concurrency Control9

Query Processing, Optimization & Distributed DBs5

Learn Database Management Systems Integrity Constraints & Normal Forms

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Multivalued dependencies, 4NF, and 5NF

What happens when a single-valued functional dependency isn't enough to describe a table's redundancy, and the two higher normal forms built to handle it.

9 min readUpdated 2026-09-04dbmsnormalizationmultivalued-dependencies4nf5nf