6 lessons
The relational model — tables, tuples, and the math behind them
What a relation actually is in the mathematical sense, and how tuples, attributes, degree, and cardinality map onto the tables you already know.
Keys and constraints, formally
Super keys, candidate keys, primary and foreign keys restated in relational terms, plus entity integrity and referential integrity.
Relational algebra: the basic operators
Select, project, union, set difference, Cartesian product, and rename — the fundamental building blocks every relational query is made from.
Relational algebra: joins and division
Theta join, equijoin, natural join, outer joins, and the division operator, all built from the basic operators of the previous lesson.
Tuple relational calculus
A declarative way to describe what you want instead of how to get it, built from tuple variables, predicates, and the existential and universal quantifiers.
Domain relational calculus
The value-based counterpart to tuple relational calculus, and a full comparison of every query language covered in this module.