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Data Structures & AlgorithmsComplexity analysis up to graphs and DP.Operating SystemsProcesses, scheduling, memory and concurrency.Database Management SystemsRelational modelling, transactions and indexing.Computer NetworksFrom wires and radio waves up to the web.

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Database Management Systems

Foundations of DBMS6

Relational Model, Algebra & Calculus6

Integrity Constraints & Normal Forms6

File Organization & Indexing7

Transactions & Concurrency Control9

Transactions and the ACID properties
Schedules and serializability
Conflict serializability and view serializability
Lock-based concurrency control
SQL isolation levels and multiple granularity locking
Timestamp ordering and optimistic concurrency control
Multiversion Concurrency Control (MVCC)
Deadlock handling in databases
Crash recovery and write-ahead logging

Query Processing, Optimization & Distributed DBs5

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Database Management Systems

Foundations of DBMS6

Relational Model, Algebra & Calculus6

Integrity Constraints & Normal Forms6

File Organization & Indexing7

Transactions & Concurrency Control9

Transactions and the ACID properties
Schedules and serializability
Conflict serializability and view serializability
Lock-based concurrency control
SQL isolation levels and multiple granularity locking
Timestamp ordering and optimistic concurrency control
Multiversion Concurrency Control (MVCC)
Deadlock handling in databases
Crash recovery and write-ahead logging

Query Processing, Optimization & Distributed DBs5

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Multiversion Concurrency Control (MVCC)

How keeping multiple versions of each row lets readers and writers avoid blocking each other entirely — the strategy behind PostgreSQL, MySQL/InnoDB, and most modern production databases.

9 min readUpdated 2026-09-04dbmsmvccpostgresqlconcurrency-control